Discovering the Ancient Foundations
Beneath the magnificent basilica lies an archaeological area that showcases remains dating back to ancient Rome. Excavations have revealed evidence of a Roman villa and various artifacts that suggest the presence of a wealthy residence long before the construction of the basilica. Among these finds, visitors can admire fragments of ancient frescoes, decorative tiles, and pottery that tell the story of life in ancient Rome.
The site also features remnants of early Christian tombs, which offer insight into the early development of Christianity in the city. These tombs are particularly important as they help trace the evolution of Christian burial practices and the spread of the faith in the Roman Empire.
The Rare Fresco Calendar
One of the highlights of the excavations is a rare fresco calendar depicting scenes of agricultural work throughout the year. This remarkable piece of art offers a visual representation of the agricultural rhythms that governed daily life in ancient Rome. It’s one of the few examples of such calendars still in existence and is a precious find for both historians and art lovers.
The Liberian Museum
After exploring the underground, visitors can head to the Liberian Museum, located within the basilica complex. Here, they will find a wealth of religious artifacts and art pieces that complement the discoveries made in the archaeological area. Among the treasures are works by renowned artists such as Giovanni Bazzi, known as Sodoma, and Domenico di Iacopo di Pace. Particularly noteworthy are the paintings of Madonna and Child, St. Anthony of Padua, and St. Catherine of Siena, which capture the devotion and artistry of the time.
The museum also houses three tablets illustrating the story of the Icona Salus Populi Romani, a revered icon of the Virgin Mary, further enriching the historical narrative of the basilica and its place in Roman Catholicism.
Why Visit the Archaeological Site of Santa Maria Maggiore?
Visiting the archaeological excavations of Santa Maria Maggiore offers a unique opportunity to delve into the ancient history of Rome while also exploring its Christian heritage. It’s a journey that spans centuries, from the days of the Roman Empire to the rise of Christianity, all housed beneath one of the city’s most important basilicas.
Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an archaeology buff, or simply curious about the layers of history hidden beneath Rome’s surface, the excavations at Santa Maria Maggiore are sure to captivate your imagination.
FAQs
- What can I expect to see in the archaeological area of Santa Maria Maggiore?
You’ll see remains of ancient Roman villas, early Christian tombs, and a rare fresco calendar depicting agricultural scenes. - How old are the remains found in the excavations?
The remains date back to ancient Rome, with some artifacts believed to be from as early as the 1st century AD. - Is the archaeological site open to the public?
Yes, the site is open to visitors, though it’s recommended to check opening hours in advance as they may vary. - Can I visit the archaeological site independently, or do I need a guide?
You can visit the site independently, but a guided tour is highly recommended to fully appreciate the history and significance of the finds. - How long does it take to explore the archaeological site and museum?
A visit to the archaeological site and the Liberian Museum usually takes around 1-2 hours, depending on how thoroughly you explore.
Conclusion
The archaeological excavations of Santa Maria Maggiore offer a rare and insightful journey into Rome’s past, revealing the layers of history that lie beneath one of its most important basilicas. From the remnants of an ancient Roman villa to the early Christian tombs, the site provides a fascinating look at both the secular and religious evolution of the city. Coupled with the stunning art and artifacts housed in the Liberian Museum, a visit to these excavations offers a unique opportunity to explore Rome from a new perspective.
Whether you are passionate about archaeology, history, or simply eager to delve deeper into the city’s rich heritage, a visit to the underground world of Santa Maria Maggiore is an unforgettable experience that should not be missed.
